package DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder;

use strict;

use warnings;

use base 'Object::Simple';

use Carp 'croak';

use DBIx::Custom::Query;

use DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors;

# Carp trust relationship

push @DBIx::Custom::CARP_NOT, __PACKAGE__;

# Attributes

__PACKAGE__->dual_attr('tag_processors', default => sub { {} }, inherit => 'hash_copy');

# Resister tag processor

__PACKAGE__->register_tag_processor(

    '?'     => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_placeholder_tag,

    '='     => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_equal_tag,

    '<>'    => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_not_equal_tag,

    '>'     => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_greater_than_tag,

    '<'     => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_lower_than_tag,

    '>='    => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_greater_than_equal_tag,

    '<='    => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_lower_than_equal_tag,

    'like'  => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_like_tag,

    'in'    => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_in_tag,

    'insert_param' => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_insert_param_tag,

    'update_param' => \&DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors::expand_update_param_tag

);

sub build_query {

    my ($self, $source)  = @_;

    # Parse

    my $tree = $self->_parse($source);

    # Build query

    my $query = $self->_build_query($tree);

    return $query;

}

sub register_tag_processor {

    my $self = shift;

    # Merge tag processor

    my $tag_processors = ref $_[0] eq 'HASH' ? $_[0] : {@_};

    $self->tag_processors({%{$self->tag_processors}, %{$tag_processors}});

    return $self;

}

sub _build_query {

    my ($self, $tree) = @_;

    # SQL

    my $sql = '';

    # All Columns

    my $all_columns = [];

    # Build SQL 

    foreach my $node (@$tree) {

        # Text

        if ($node->{type} eq 'text') { $sql .= $node->{value} }

        # Tag

        else {

            # Tag name

            my $tag_name = $node->{tag_name};

            # Tag arguments

            my $tag_args = $node->{tag_args};

            # Get tag processor

            my $tag_processor = $self->tag_processors->{$tag_name};

            # Tag processor is not registered

            croak qq{Tag "$tag_name" in "{a }" is not registered}

              unless $tag_processor;

            # Tag processor not sub reference

            croak qq{Tag processor "$tag_name" must be sub reference}

              unless ref $tag_processor eq 'CODE';

            # Execute tag processor

            my $r = $tag_processor->(@$tag_args);

            # Check tag processor return value

            croak qq{Tag processor "$tag_name" must return [STRING, ARRAY_REFERENCE]}

              unless ref $r eq 'ARRAY' && defined $r->[0] && ref $r->[1] eq 'ARRAY';

            # Part of SQL statement and colum names

            my ($part, $columns) = @$r;

            # Add columns

            push @$all_columns, @$columns;

            # Join part tag to SQL

            $sql .= $part;

        }

    }

    # Check placeholder count

    my $placeholder_count = $self->_placeholder_count($sql);

    my $column_count      = @$all_columns;

    croak qq{Placeholder count in "$sql" must be same as column count $column_count}

      unless $placeholder_count eq @$all_columns;

    # Add semicolon

    $sql .= ';' unless $sql =~ /;$/;

    # Query

    my $query = DBIx::Custom::Query->new(sql => $sql, columns => $all_columns);

    return $query;

}

sub _parse {

    my ($self, $source) = @_;

    # Source

    $source ||= '';

    # Tree

    my @tree;

    # Value

    my $value = '';

    # State

    my $state = 'text';

    # Before charactor

    my $before = '';

    # Position

    my $pos = 0;

    # Parse

    my $original = $source;

    while (defined(my $c = substr($source, $pos, 1))) {

        # Last

        last unless length $c;

        # State is text

        if ($state eq 'text') {

            # Tag start charactor

            if ($c eq '{') {

                # Escaped charactor

                if ($before eq "\\") {

                    substr($value, -1, 1, '');

                    $value .= $c;

                }

                # Tag start

                else {

                    # Change state

                    $state = 'tag';

                    # Add text

                    push @tree, {type => 'text', value => $value}

                      if $value;

                    # Clear

                    $value = '';

                }

            }

            # Tag end charactor

            elsif ($c eq '}') {

                # Escaped charactor

                if ($before eq "\\") {

                    substr($value, -1, 1, '');

                    $value .= $c;

                }

                # Unexpected

                else {

                    croak qq/Parsing error. unexpected "}". / .

                          qq/pos $pos of "$original"/;

                }

            }

            # Normal charactor

            else { $value .= $c }

        }

        # State is tags

        else {

            # Tag start charactor

            if ($c eq '{') {

                # Escaped charactor

                if ($before eq "\\") {

                    substr($value, -1, 1, '');

                    $value .= $c;

                }

                # Unexpected

                else {

                    croak qq/Parsing error. unexpected "{". / .

                          qq/pos $pos of "$original"/;

                }

            }

            # Tag end charactor

            elsif ($c eq '}') {

                # Escaped charactor

                if ($before eq "\\") {

                    substr($value, -1, 1, '');

                    $value .= $c;

                }

                # Tag end

                else {

                    # Change state

                    $state = 'text';

                    # Add tag

                    my ($tag_name, @tag_args) = split /\s+/, $value;

                    push @tree, {type => 'tag', tag_name => $tag_name, 

                                 tag_args => \@tag_args};

                    # Clear

                    $value = '';

                }

            }

            # Normal charactor

            else { $value .= $c }

        }

        # Save before charactor

        $before = $c;

        # increment position

        $pos++;

    }

    # Tag not finished

    croak qq{Tag not finished. "$original"}

      if $state eq 'tag';

    # Add rest text

    push @tree, {type => 'text', value => $value}

      if $value;

    return \@tree;

}

sub _placeholder_count {

    my ($self, $expand) = @_;

    # Count

    $expand ||= '';

    my $count = 0;

    my $pos   = -1;

    while (($pos = index($expand, '?', $pos + 1)) != -1) {

        $count++;

    }

    return $count;

}

1;

=head1 NAME

DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder - Query builder

=head1 SYNOPSIS

    my $builder = DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder->new;

    my $query = $builder->build_query(

        "select from table {= k1} && {<> k2} || {like k3}"

    );

=head1 ATTRIBUTES

=head2 C<tag_processors>

    my $tag_processors = $builder->tag_processors;

    $builder           = $builder->tag_processors(\%tag_processors);

Tag processors.

=head1 METHODS

L<DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder> inherits all methods from L<Object::Simple>

and implements the following new ones.

=head2 C<build_query>

    my $query = $builder->build_query($source);

Create a new L<DBIx::Custom::Query> object from SQL source.

SQL source contains tags, such as {= title}, {like author}.

C<{> and C<}> is reserved. If you use these charactors,

you must escape them using '\'. Note that '\' is

already perl escaped charactor, so you must write '\\'. 

    'select * from books \\{ something statement \\}'

B<Example:>

SQL source

      "select * from table where {= title} && {like author} || {<= price}"

Query

    {

        sql     => "select * from table where title = ? && author like ? price <= ?;"

        columns => ['title', 'author', 'price']

    }

=head2 C<register_tag_processor>

    $builder->register_tag_processor(\%tag_processors);

    $builder->register_tag_processor(%tag_processors);

Register tag processor.

B<Example:>

    $builder->register_tag_processor(

        '?' => sub {

            my $column = shift;

            return ['?', [$column]];

        }

    );

See also L<DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::TagProcessors> to know tag processor.

=head1 Tags

The following tags is available.

=head2 C<?>

Placeholder tag.

    {? NAME}    ->   ?

=head2 C<=>

Equal tag.

    {= NAME}    ->   NAME = ?

=head2 C<E<lt>E<gt>>

Not equal tag.

    {<> NAME}   ->   NAME <> ?

=head2 C<E<lt>>

Lower than tag

    {< NAME}    ->   NAME < ?

=head2 C<E<gt>>

Greater than tag

    {> NAME}    ->   NAME > ?

=head2 C<E<gt>=>

Greater than or equal tag

    {>= NAME}   ->   NAME >= ?

=head2 C<E<lt>=>

Lower than or equal tag

    {<= NAME}   ->   NAME <= ?

=head2 C<like>

Like tag

    {like NAME}   ->   NAME like ?

=head2 C<in>

In tag.

    {in NAME COUNT}   ->   NAME in [?, ?, ..]

=head2 C<insert_param>

Insert parameter tag.

    {insert_param NAME1 NAME2}   ->   (NAME1, NAME2) values (?, ?)

=head2 C<update_param>

Updata parameter tag.

    {update_param NAME1 NAME2}   ->   set NAME1 = ?, NAME2 = ?