package DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder;

use strict;
use warnings;

use base 'Object::Simple';

use Carp 'croak';
use DBIx::Custom::Query;

# Carp trust relationship
push @DBIx::Custom::CARP_NOT, __PACKAGE__;
push @DBIx::Custom::Where::CARP_NOT, __PACKAGE__;

# Attributes
__PACKAGE__->attr('tags' => sub { {} });

sub build_query {
    my ($self, $source)  = @_;
    
    # Parse
    my $tree = $self->_parse($source);
    
    # Build query
    my $query = $self->_build_query($tree);
    
    return $query;
}

sub register_tag {
    my $self = shift;
    
    # Merge tag
    my $tags = ref $_[0] eq 'HASH' ? $_[0] : {@_};
    $self->tags({%{$self->tags}, %$tags});
    
    return $self;
}

sub _build_query {
    my ($self, $tree) = @_;
    
    # SQL
    my $sql = '';
    
    # All Columns
    my $all_columns = [];
    
    # Tables
    my $tables = [];
    
    # Build SQL 
    foreach my $node (@$tree) {
        
        # Text
        if ($node->{type} eq 'text') { $sql .= $node->{value} }
        
        # Tag
        else {
            
            # Tag name
            my $tag_name = $node->{tag_name};
            
            # Tag arguments
            my $tag_args = $node->{tag_args};
            
            # Table
            if ($tag_name eq 'table') {
                my $table = $tag_args->[0];
                push @$tables, $table;
                $sql .= $table;
                next;
            }

            # Get tag
            my $tag = $self->tag_processors->{$tag_name}
                             || $self->tags->{$tag_name};
            
            # Tag is not registered
            croak qq{Tag "$tag_name" in "{a }" is not registered}
                . qq{ (DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::build_query)}
              unless $tag;
            
            # Tag not sub reference
            croak qq{Tag "$tag_name" must be sub reference}
                . qq{ (DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::build_query)}
              unless ref $tag eq 'CODE';
            
            # Execute tag
            my $r = $tag->(@$tag_args);
            
            # Check tag return value
            croak qq{Tag "$tag_name" must return [STRING, ARRAY_REFERENCE]}
                . qq{ (DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::build_query)}
              unless ref $r eq 'ARRAY' && defined $r->[0] && ref $r->[1] eq 'ARRAY';
            
            # Part of SQL statement and colum names
            my ($part, $columns) = @$r;
            
            # Add columns
            push @$all_columns, @$columns;
            
            # Join part tag to SQL
            $sql .= $part;
        }
    }

    # Check placeholder count
    my $placeholder_count = $self->_placeholder_count($sql);
    my $column_count      = @$all_columns;
    croak qq{Placeholder count in "$sql" must be same as column count $column_count}
        . qq{ (DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::build_query)}
      unless $placeholder_count eq @$all_columns;
    
    # Add semicolon
    $sql .= ';' unless $sql =~ /;$/;
    
    # Query
    my $query = DBIx::Custom::Query->new(
        sql => $sql,
        columns => $all_columns,
        tables => $tables
    );
    
    return $query;
}

sub _parse {
    my ($self, $source) = @_;
    
    # Source
    $source ||= '';

    # Tree
    my @tree;
    
    # Value
    my $value = '';
    
    # State
    my $state = 'text';
    
    # Before charactor
    my $before = '';

    # Position
    my $pos = 0;
    
    # Parse
    my $original = $source;
    while (defined(my $c = substr($source, $pos, 1))) {
        
        # Last
        last unless length $c;
        
        # State is text
        if ($state eq 'text') {
            
            # Tag start charactor
            if ($c eq '{') {
                
                # Escaped charactor
                if ($before eq "\\") {
                    substr($value, -1, 1, '');
                    $value .= $c;
                }
                
                # Tag start
                else {
                    
                    # Change state
                    $state = 'tag';
                    
                    # Add text
                    push @tree, {type => 'text', value => $value}
                      if $value;
                    
                    # Clear
                    $value = '';
                }
            }
            
            # Tag end charactor
            elsif ($c eq '}') {
            
                # Escaped charactor
                if ($before eq "\\") {
                    substr($value, -1, 1, '');
                    $value .= $c;
                }
                
                # Unexpected
                else {
                    croak qq{Parsing error. unexpected "\}". }
                        . qq{pos $pos of "$original"}
                        . qq{ (DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::build_query)};
                }
            }
            
            # Normal charactor
            else { $value .= $c }
        }
        
        # State is tags
        else {
            
            # Tag start charactor
            if ($c eq '{') {
            
                # Escaped charactor
                if ($before eq "\\") {
                    substr($value, -1, 1, '');
                    $value .= $c;
                }
                
                # Unexpected
                else {
                    croak qq{Parsing error. unexpected "\{". }
                        . qq{pos $pos of "$original"}
                        . qq{ (DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::build_query)};
                }
            }
            
            # Tag end charactor
            elsif ($c eq '}') {
                
                # Escaped charactor
                if ($before eq "\\") {
                    substr($value, -1, 1, '');
                    $value .= $c;
                }
                
                # Tag end
                else {
                
                    # Change state
                    $state = 'text';
                    
                    # Add tag
                    my ($tag_name, @tag_args) = split /\s+/, $value;
                    push @tree, {type => 'tag', tag_name => $tag_name, 
                                 tag_args => \@tag_args};
                    
                    # Clear
                    $value = '';
                }
            }
            
            # Normal charactor
            else { $value .= $c }
        }
        
        # Save before charactor
        $before = $c;
        
        # increment position
        $pos++;
    }
    
    # Tag not finished
    croak qq{Tag not finished. "$original"}
        . qq{ (DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder::build_query)}
      if $state eq 'tag';
    
    # Add rest text
    push @tree, {type => 'text', value => $value}
      if $value;
    
    return \@tree;
}

sub _placeholder_count {
    my ($self, $expand) = @_;
    
    # Count
    $expand ||= '';
    my $count = 0;
    my $pos   = -1;
    while (($pos = index($expand, '?', $pos + 1)) != -1) {
        $count++;
    }
    return $count;
}

# DEPRECATED!
__PACKAGE__->attr('tag_processors' => sub { {} });

# DEPRECATED!
sub register_tag_processor {
    my $self = shift;
    
    # Merge tag
    my $tag_processors = ref $_[0] eq 'HASH' ? $_[0] : {@_};
    $self->tag_processors({%{$self->tag_processors}, %{$tag_processors}});
    
    return $self;
}

1;

=head1 NAME

DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder - Query builder

=head1 SYNOPSIS
    
    my $builder = DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder->new;
    my $query = $builder->build_query(
        "select from table {= k1} && {<> k2} || {like k3}"
    );

=head1 ATTRIBUTES

=head2 C<tags>

    my $tags = $builder->tags;
    $builder = $builder->tags(\%tags);

Tags.

=head1 METHODS

L<DBIx::Custom::QueryBuilder> inherits all methods from L<Object::Simple>
and implements the following new ones.

=head2 C<build_query>
    
    my $query = $builder->build_query($source);

Create a new L<DBIx::Custom::Query> object from SQL source.
SQL source contains tags, such as {= title}, {like author}.

C<{> and C<}> is reserved. If you use these charactors,
you must escape them using '\'. Note that '\' is
already perl escaped charactor, so you must write '\\'. 

    'select * from books \\{ something statement \\}'

B<Example:>

SQL source

      "select * from table where {= title} && {like author} || {<= price}"

Query

    {
        sql     => "select * from table where title = ? && author like ? price <= ?;"
        columns => ['title', 'author', 'price']
    }

=head2 C<register_tag>

    $builder->register_tag(\%tags);
    $builder->register_tag(%tags);

Register tag.

B<Example:>

    $builder->register_tag(
        '?' => sub {
            my $column = shift;
            
            return ['?', [$column]];
        }
    );

See also L<DBIx::Custom::Tag> to know tag.