@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ sub available_datatype {

     my $self = shift;

     my $data_types = '';

-    foreach my $i (-1000 .. 1000) {

+    for my $i (-1000 .. 1000) {

          my $type_info = $self->dbh->type_info($i);

          my $data_type = $type_info->{DATA_TYPE};

          my $type_name = $type_info->{TYPE_NAME};

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ sub assign_clause {

     # Create set tag

     my @params;

     my $safety = $self->safety_character;

-    foreach my $column (sort keys %$param) {

+    for my $column (sort keys %$param) {

         croak qq{"$column" is not safety column name } . _subname

           unless $column =~ /^[$safety\.]+$/;

         my $column_quote = $self->_q($column);

@@ -406,13 +406,13 @@ sub execute {

     # Type rule

     my $type_filters = {};

     unless ($type_rule_off) {

-        foreach my $i (1, 2) {

+        for my $i (1, 2) {

             unless ($type_rule_off_parts->{$i}) {

                 $type_filters->{$i} = {};

-                foreach my $alias (keys %$table_alias) {

+                for my $alias (keys %$table_alias) {

                     my $table = $table_alias->{$alias};

-                    foreach my $column (keys %{$self->{"_into$i"}{key}{$table} || {}}) {

+                    for my $column (keys %{$self->{"_into$i"}{key}{$table} || {}}) {

                         $type_filters->{$i}->{"$alias.$column"} = $self->{"_into$i"}{key}{$table}{$column};

                     }

                 }

@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ sub execute {

     # DEPRECATED! Applied filter

     if ($self->{filter}{on}) {

         my $applied_filter = {};

-        foreach my $table (@$tables) {

+        for my $table (@$tables) {

             $applied_filter = {

                 %$applied_filter,

                 %{$self->{filter}{out}->{$table} || {}}

@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ sub execute {

     }

     # Replace filter name to code

-    foreach my $column (keys %$filter) {

+    for my $column (keys %$filter) {

         my $name = $filter->{$column};

         if (!defined $name) {

             $filter->{$column} = undef;

@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ sub execute {

     if (DEBUG) {

         print STDERR "SQL:\n" . $query->sql . "\n";

         my @output;

-        foreach my $b (@$bind) {

+        for my $b (@$bind) {

             my $value = $b->{value};

             $value = 'undef' unless defined $value;

             $value = encode(DEBUG_ENCODING(), $value)

@@ -497,8 +497,8 @@ sub execute {

             $filter->{in}  = {};

             $filter->{end} = {};

             push @$tables, $main_table if $main_table;

-            foreach my $table (@$tables) {

-                foreach my $way (qw/in end/) {

+            for my $table (@$tables) {

+                for my $way (qw/in end/) {

                     $filter->{$way} = {

                         %{$filter->{$way}},

                         %{$self->{filter}{$way}{$table} || {}}

@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ sub include_model {

     }

     # Include models

-    foreach my $model_info (@$model_infos) {

+    for my $model_info (@$model_infos) {

         # Load model

         my $model_class;

@@ -690,8 +690,8 @@ sub merge_param {

     # Merge parameters

     my $merge = {};

-    foreach my $param (@params) {

-        foreach my $column (keys %$param) {

+    for my $param (@params) {

+        for my $column (keys %$param) {

             my $param_is_array = ref $param->{$column} eq 'ARRAY' ? 1 : 0;

             if (exists $merge->{$column}) {

@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ sub new {

     # Check attributes

     my @attrs = keys %$self;

-    foreach my $attr (@attrs) {

+    for my $attr (@attrs) {

         croak qq{Invalid attribute: "$attr" } . _subname

           unless $self->can($attr);

     }

@@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ sub select {

     if (defined $opt{column}) {

         my $columns

           = ref $opt{column} eq 'ARRAY' ? $opt{column} : [$opt{column}];

-        foreach my $column (@$columns) {

+        for my $column (@$columns) {

             if (ref $column eq 'HASH') {

                 $column = $self->column(%$column) if ref $column eq 'HASH';

             }

@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@ sub select {

     $sql .= 'from ';

     if ($opt{relation}) {

         my $found = {};

-        foreach my $table (@$tables) {

+        for my $table (@$tables) {

             $sql .= $self->_q($table) . ', ' unless $found->{$table};

             $found->{$table} = 1;

         }

@@ -957,13 +957,13 @@ sub type_rule {

         my $type_rule = ref $_[0] eq 'HASH' ? $_[0] : {@_};

         # Into

-        foreach my $i (1 .. 2) {

+        for my $i (1 .. 2) {

             my $into = "into$i";

             my $exists_into = exists $type_rule->{$into};

             $type_rule->{$into} = _array_to_hash($type_rule->{$into});

             $self->{type_rule} = $type_rule;

             $self->{"_$into"} = {};

-            foreach my $type_name (keys %{$type_rule->{$into} || {}}) {

+            for my $type_name (keys %{$type_rule->{$into} || {}}) {

                 croak qq{type name of $into section must be lower case}

                   if $type_name =~ /[A-Z]/;

             }

@@ -992,9 +992,9 @@ sub type_rule {

         }

         # From

-        foreach my $i (1 .. 2) {

+        for my $i (1 .. 2) {

             $type_rule->{"from$i"} = _array_to_hash($type_rule->{"from$i"});

-            foreach my $data_type (keys %{$type_rule->{"from$i"} || {}}) {

+            for my $data_type (keys %{$type_rule->{"from$i"} || {}}) {

                 croak qq{data type of from$i section must be lower case or number}

                   if $data_type =~ /[A-Z]/;

                 my $fname = $type_rule->{"from$i"}{$data_type};

@@ -1118,7 +1118,7 @@ sub values_clause {

     my $safety = $self->safety_character;

     my @columns;

     my @placeholders;

-    foreach my $column (sort keys %$param) {

+    for my $column (sort keys %$param) {

         croak qq{"$column" is not safety column name } . _subname

           unless $column =~ /^[$safety\.]+$/;

         my $column_quote = $self->_q($column);

@@ -1219,7 +1219,7 @@ sub _create_bind_values {

     my $bind = [];

     my $count = {};

     my $not_exists = {};

-    foreach my $column (@$columns) {

+    for my $column (@$columns) {

         # Value

         my $value;

@@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@ sub _create_bind_values {

         $value = $f->($value) if $f;

         # Type rule

-        foreach my $i (1 .. 2) {

+        for my $i (1 .. 2) {

             my $type_filter = $type_filters->{$i};

             my $tf = $self->{"_into$i"}->{dot}->{$column} || $type_filter->{$column};

             $value = $tf->($value) if $tf;

@@ -1349,7 +1349,7 @@ sub _need_tables {

     my ($self, $tree, $need_tables, $tables) = @_;

     # Get needed tables

-    foreach my $table (@$tables) {

+    for my $table (@$tables) {

         if ($tree->{$table}) {

             $need_tables->{$table} = 1;

             $self->_need_tables($tree, $need_tables, [$tree->{$table}{parent}])

@@ -1431,10 +1431,11 @@ sub _push_join {

     # Search need tables

     my $need_tables = {};

     $self->_need_tables($tree, $need_tables, $join_tables);

-    my @need_tables = sort { $tree->{$a}{position} <=> $tree->{$b}{position} } keys %$need_tables;

+    my @need_tables = sort { $tree->{$a}{position} <=> $tree->{$b}{position} }

+      keys %$need_tables;

     # Add join clause

-    foreach my $need_table (@need_tables) {

+    for my $need_table (@need_tables) {

         $$sql .= $tree->{$need_table}{join} . ' ';

     }

 }

@@ -1508,7 +1509,7 @@ sub _where_to_obj {

     if (ref $where eq 'HASH') {

         my $clause = ['and'];

         my $q = $self->_quote;

-        foreach my $column (keys %$where) {

+        for my $column (keys %$where) {

             my $table;

             my $c;

             if ($column =~ /(?:(.*?)\.)?(.*)/) {

@@ -1595,7 +1596,7 @@ sub _apply_filter {

         # Column

         my $column = $cinfos[$i];

         if (ref $column eq 'ARRAY') {

-            foreach my $c (@$column) {

+            for my $c (@$column) {

                 push @cinfos, $c, $cinfos[$i + 1];

             }

             next;

@@ -1605,13 +1606,13 @@ sub _apply_filter {

         my $finfo = $cinfos[$i + 1] || {};

         croak "$usage (table: $table) " . _subname

           unless  ref $finfo eq 'HASH';

-        foreach my $ftype (keys %$finfo) {

+        for my $ftype (keys %$finfo) {

             croak "$usage (table: $table) " . _subname

               unless $ftype eq 'in' || $ftype eq 'out' || $ftype eq 'end'; 

         }

         # Set filters

-        foreach my $way (qw/in out end/) {

+        for my $way (qw/in out end/) {

             # Filter

             my $filter = $finfo->{$way};

@@ -1878,7 +1879,7 @@ sub _push_relation {

     if (keys %{$relation || {}}) {

         $$sql .= $need_where ? 'where ' : 'and ';

-        foreach my $rcolumn (keys %$relation) {

+        for my $rcolumn (keys %$relation) {

             my $table1 = (split (/\./, $rcolumn))[0];

             my $table2 = (split (/\./, $relation->{$rcolumn}))[0];

             push @$tables, ($table1, $table2);

@@ -1893,12 +1894,12 @@ sub _add_relation_table {

     my ($self, $tables, $relation) = @_;

     if (keys %{$relation || {}}) {

-        foreach my $rcolumn (keys %$relation) {

+        for my $rcolumn (keys %$relation) {

             my $table1 = (split (/\./, $rcolumn))[0];

             my $table2 = (split (/\./, $relation->{$rcolumn}))[0];

             my $table1_exists;

             my $table2_exists;

-            foreach my $table (@$tables) {

+            for my $table (@$tables) {

                 $table1_exists = 1 if $table eq $table1;

                 $table2_exists = 1 if $table eq $table2;

             }

@@ -2551,7 +2552,7 @@ You can check SQL or get statment handle.

 If you want to execute SQL fast, you can do the following way.

     my $query;

-    foreach my $row (@$rows) {

+    for my $row (@$rows) {

       $query ||= $dbi->insert($row, table => 'table1', query => 1);

       $dbi->execute($query, $row);

     }

@@ -2564,7 +2565,7 @@ You can do the following way.

     my $query;

     my $sth;

-    foreach my $row (@$rows) {

+    for my $row (@$rows) {

       $query ||= $dbi->insert($row, table => 'book', query => 1);

       $sth ||= $query->sth;

       $sth->execute(map { $row->{$_} } sort keys %$row);

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ sub map {

     # Mapping

     my $new_param = {};

-    foreach my $key (keys %rule) {

+    for my $key (keys %rule) {

         my $mapping = $rule{$key};

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ sub new {

     # Check attribute names

     my @attrs = keys %$self;

-    foreach my $attr (@attrs) {

+    for my $attr (@attrs) {

         croak qq{"$attr" is invalid attribute name (} . _subname . ")"

           unless $self->can($attr);

     }

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ sub AUTOLOAD {

 my @methods = qw/insert insert_at update update_at update_all

                  delete delete_at delete_all select select_at count/;

-foreach my $method (@methods) {

+for my $method (@methods) {

     my $code = sub {

         my $self = shift;

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ sub new {

     # Check attribute names

     my @attrs = keys %$self;

-    foreach my $attr (@attrs) {

+    for my $attr (@attrs) {

         croak qq{"$attr" is invalid attribute name } . _subname

           unless $self->can($attr);

     }

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ has 'dbi',

 sub prepend {

     my $self = shift;

-    foreach my $order (reverse @_) {

+    for my $order (reverse @_) {

         if (ref $order eq 'ARRAY') {

             my $column = shift @$order;

             $column = $self->dbi->_q($column) if defined $column;

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ sub to_string {

     my $exists = {};

     my @orders;

-    foreach my $order (@{$self->orders}) {

+    for my $order (@{$self->orders}) {

         next unless defined $order;

         $order =~ s/^\s+//;

         $order =~ s/\s+$//;

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ sub filter {

                 my $column = $ef->[$i];

                 my $f = $ef->[$i + 1];

                 if (ref $column eq 'ARRAY') {

-                    foreach my $c (@$column) {

+                    for my $c (@$column) {

                         $filter->{$c} = $f;

                     }

                 }

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ sub filter {

                 }

             }

         }

-        foreach my $column (keys %$filter) {

+        for my $column (keys %$filter) {

             my $fname = $filter->{$column};

             if  (exists $filter->{$column}

               && defined $fname

@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ sub _parse_tag {

     # Tables

     my $tables = [];

     # Build SQL 

-    foreach my $node (@tree) {

+    for my $node (@tree) {

         # Text

         if ($node->{type} eq 'text') { $sql .= $node->{value} }

         # Parameter

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ sub filter {

         # Convert filter name to subroutine

         my $filter = @_ == 1 ? $_[0] : [@_];

         $filter = _array_to_hash($filter);

-        foreach my $column (keys %$filter) {

+        for my $column (keys %$filter) {

             my $fname = $filter->{$column};

             if  (exists $filter->{$column}

               && defined $fname

@@ -230,9 +230,9 @@ sub type_rule {

         my $type_rule = ref $_[0] eq 'HASH' ? $_[0] : {@_};

         # From

-        foreach my $i (1 .. 2) {

+        for my $i (1 .. 2) {

             $type_rule->{"from$i"} = _array_to_hash($type_rule->{"from$i"});

-            foreach my $data_type (keys %{$type_rule->{"from$i"} || {}}) {

+            for my $data_type (keys %{$type_rule->{"from$i"} || {}}) {

                 croak qq{data type of from$i section must be lower case or number}

                   if $data_type =~ /[A-Z]/;

                 my $fname = $type_rule->{"from$i"}{$data_type};

@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ sub end_filter {

                 @_ > 1 ? [@_] : $_[0]

             );

         }

-        foreach my $column (keys %$end_filter) {

+        for my $column (keys %$end_filter) {

             my $fname = $end_filter->{$column};

             if  (exists $end_filter->{$column}

               && defined $fname

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ sub _array_to_hash {

         my $f = $array->[$i + 1];

         if (ref $key eq 'ARRAY') {

-            foreach my $k (@$key) {

+            for my $k (@$key) {

                 $hash->{$k} = $f;

             }

         }

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ sub new {

     # Check attribute names

     my @attrs = keys %$self;

-    foreach my $attr (@attrs) {

+    for my $attr (@attrs) {

         croak qq{"$attr" is invalid attribute name (} . _subname . ")"

           unless $self->can($attr);

     }

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ sub to_string {

     # Check if column name is safety character;

     my $safety = $self->dbi->safety_character;

     if (ref $self->param eq 'HASH') {

-        foreach my $column (keys %{$self->param}) {

+        for my $column (keys %{$self->param}) {

             croak qq{"$column" is not safety column name (} . _subname . ")"

               unless $column =~ /^[$safety\.]+$/;

         }

@@ -2878,7 +2878,7 @@ $rows = [

 ];

 {

     my $query;

-    foreach my $row (@$rows) {

+    for my $row (@$rows) {

       $query ||= $dbi->insert($row, table => $table1, query => 1);

       $dbi->execute($query, $row, filter => {$key7 => sub { $_[0] * 2 }});

     }

@@ -2899,7 +2899,7 @@ $rows = [

 {

     my $query;

     my $sth;

-    foreach my $row (@$rows) {

+    for my $row (@$rows) {

       $query ||= $dbi->insert($row, table => $table1, query => 1);

       $sth ||= $query->sth;

       $sth->execute(map { $row->{$_} } sort keys %$row);

@@ -2921,7 +2921,7 @@ $rows = [

 {

     $model = $dbi->create_model(table => $table1, primary_key => $key1);

     my $query;

-    foreach my $row (@$rows) {

+    for my $row (@$rows) {

       $query ||= $model->insert($row, query => 1);

       $model->execute($query, $row, filter => {$key7 => sub { $_[0] * 2 }});

     }